Past papers, and what to do with them.

Marcus is repairing the roof of a house. He drops a hammer without checking the pavement below. The hammer strikes Priya, who suffers a fractured skull. Priya is taken to hospital, where she is given the wrong medication by a nurse and dies two days later.

Discuss whether Marcus has caused Priya's death.

What this is testing: factual causation, legal causation, and whether the medical treatment breaks the chain. Take each in turn, state the test, cite the authority, then apply it to these facts. A conclusion is required.

"The law on omissions is inconsistent and unfair. There is no good reason why a stranger who watches a child drown should escape liability."

Evaluate this statement with reference to the duty situations recognised in English law.

What this is testing: AO3. Take a position in the first paragraph and defend it. Use the recognised duty categories as your evidence, then argue whether the line the law draws is defensible. Marks come from the argument, not from listing the duties.